This application note introduces the concepts of digital modulation used in many communications systems today. Emphasis is placed on explaining the tradeoffs that are made to optimize efficiencies in ...

The distribution of content involves the need to adapt digital information to its means of carriage — what we typically call transmission — and to understand that fully, we need to understand the ...

Diverse well describes the myriad digital modulation schemes used in modern voice and data communications. The alphabet soup of terminology extends well beyond the familiar QAM and GMSK fundamentals ...

In modern communication systems, modulation is a key function that embeds the baseband signal (information) into a carrier wave so that it can be successfully broadcasted through a medium such as air ...

In spread-spectrum and direct-sequence receivers, it’s often necessary to change the frequency of the clock oscillator, and thus the spreading-code clock, to lock the receiver’s reference pseudorandom ...

Electronic communications began as digital technology with Samuel Morse’s invention of the telegraph in 1845. The dots and dashes of his famous code were the binary ones and zeroes of the current ...