Figure 1: Dependence of the ablated depth by GHz burst LIPAA process on the intra-pulse number in GHz burst pulse for the various intra-pulse fluence (0.18, 0.22, 0.27, 0.36, 0.44 and 0.53 J/cm2). GHz ...

1.What Is Plasma Cutting? Plasma cutting is the first form of cutting that was developed in the 1950s as an alternative to flame cutting. Plasma cutting involves firing a superheated, electrically ...

Extreme optical fluences, much beyond the damage threshold of conventional optics, are of interest for a range of high-energy-density physics applications. Nonlinear interactions of multiple beams in ...

Plasma wakefield accelerators have been used to accelerate electron and positron particle beams with gradients that are orders of magnitude larger than those achieved in conventional accelerators. In ...